AQA Biopsychology Practice Exam

Dendrites play a crucial role in the functioning of neurons by receiving signals from other neurons. They are specialized structures that extend from the neuron's soma (cell body) and are designed to detect neurotransmitters released by adjacent neurons at synapses. This receptive function allows dendrites to transform chemical signals into electrical signals, which are then transmitted toward the cell body.

Once the signals are received and integrated, they can contribute to the generation of an action potential if the cumulative input reaches a certain threshold. This process is essential for neuronal communication and the overall functioning of the nervous system.

The other options do not accurately describe the function of dendrites. Dendrites do not generate action potentials; this occurs in the axon after the cell body processes incoming signals. They also do not transmit signals away from the cell, as that function is performed by the axon. Nutrient delivery to the neuron is typically managed by glial cells and not by the dendrites themselves.