What are neurons responsible for in the nervous system?

Neurons play a central role in the nervous system by receiving information from various stimuli, processing it, and transmitting signals to other cells, including other neurons, muscles, and glands. This process occurs through specialized structures within the neuron, such as dendrites, which receive incoming information, and axons, which carry the electrochemical signals away from the neuron. Neurons communicate with one another at synapses, where neurotransmitters are released to transmit the signal across the gap between cells.

This ability to receive and transmit information is fundamental to all nervous system functions, including reflexes, sensory processing, and coordination of muscle action. By facilitating communication within the nervous system, neurons enable complex behaviors and responses to the environment, making option C the most accurate description of their role.