What are the main functions of the cerebral cortex?

The cerebral cortex is a crucial part of the brain that is primarily responsible for higher brain functions. It plays a vital role in various processes including perception, decision-making, reasoning, and complex cognitive tasks. This region is involved in integrating sensory information, enabling individuals to understand and interact with their environment. It is also essential for language, problem-solving, and the ability to plan and execute voluntary movements.

The other options reflect functions that are not predominantly associated with the cerebral cortex. For instance, regulating endocrine functions involves the hypothalamus and pituitary gland, while the control of autonomic responses is managed by the brainstem and other regions. Furthermore, while the cortex does process visual and auditory stimuli, it is not limited to these functions; rather, it is engaged in multifaceted cognitive processes beyond mere sensory processing.