What are the primary functions of glial cells in the nervous system?

Glial cells play a crucial role in supporting neurons and facilitating repair within the nervous system. They are non-neuronal cells that provide structural and metabolic support, helping to maintain an optimal environment for the functioning of neurons. Their functions include the following:

1. Supporting Neurons: Glial cells help to maintain the homeostasis of the extracellular environment around neurons, ensuring that they receive the necessary nutrients and oxygen. They also help to provide physical structure in the brain and spinal cord.

2. Facilitating Repair: In cases of injury to neural tissue, glial cells are involved in the repair processes. They can proliferate and help to repair damaged regions, and they also clear debris from damaged cells, which is crucial for recovery.

Unlike neurons, which are primarily responsible for transmitting signals throughout the nervous system, glial cells do not conduct electrical impulses. They serve more of a protective and supportive role rather than directly facilitating communication between neurons. Also, hormonal regulation and sensory information filtering are typical functions associated with other biological systems or cells rather than glial cells. Thus, the key functions of glial cells are centered around supporting and maintaining the health and function of neurons, making the choice regarding their role in supporting neurons and facilitating repair