What does the term 'endocrine system' refer to?

The term 'endocrine system' specifically refers to a network of glands that produce hormones. This system is responsible for regulating various physiological processes in the body, including growth, metabolism, and reproduction, through the secretion of hormones directly into the bloodstream. These hormones act as chemical messengers that communicate with different organs and tissues, influencing a wide array of bodily functions.

The endocrine system includes significant glands such as the pituitary, thyroid, adrenal glands, and pancreas, each of which plays a crucial role in maintaining homeostasis and responding to internal and external changes. This regulation is critical for overall health and well-being, differentiating the endocrine system from other systems such as the nervous system or muscular systems, which serve different functions in the body.