What role does cortisol play in the human body?

Cortisol plays a crucial role in regulating metabolism and the immune response within the body. As a glucocorticoid hormone produced by the adrenal glands, cortisol helps manage how the body uses carbohydrates, fats, and proteins, thereby influencing overall energy levels. It also plays a vital role in the body's response to stress, aiding in the modulation of inflammatory responses and helping to maintain homeostasis during periods of increased physiological demand.

Through its effect on metabolism, cortisol ensures that adequate energy is available to respond to stressors, while also helping to control inflammation and immune function. This dual role is essential for overall health, especially in situations where the body might be under threat or undergoing significant changes.