Which hormone is specifically produced in response to stress?

Cortisol is specifically produced in response to stress as part of the body's stress response system. When an individual encounters a stressful situation, the hypothalamus signals the adrenal glands to release cortisol, a steroid hormone that plays a crucial role in managing stress. Cortisol helps to increase glucose levels in the bloodstream, providing readily available energy for the "fight or flight" response. It also modifies other bodily functions, such as immune response and metabolism, to ensure that the body can cope with stress effectively.

Adrenaline, while also related to stress, is released in response to acute stress situations and is more involved in immediate physical responses, such as increasing heart rate and blood flow. Insulin, on the other hand, regulates glucose levels in the body and is not directly related to stress response. Thyroxine primarily regulates metabolism and is produced by the thyroid gland; it is not specifically a stress-related hormone.

Thus, cortisol's primary role in managing the body's long-term stress response makes it the correct answer.