Which type of neuron is responsible for transmitting signals from sensory receptors to the central nervous system?

The type of neuron responsible for transmitting signals from sensory receptors to the central nervous system is sensory neurons. These neurons play a crucial role in the nervous system by carrying information from sensory receptors, such as those for touch, taste, hearing, sight, and smell, to the brain and spinal cord, where it can be processed and interpreted.

Sensory neurons are specialized to detect stimuli in the environment and convert those stimuli into electrical impulses that can be transmitted along their axons. Once these signals reach the central nervous system, they allow for the perception of sensory information, enabling responses to the environment.

In contrast, motor neurons are involved in transmitting signals from the central nervous system to muscles and glands, facilitating movement and action. Interneurons primarily function as connectors between sensory and motor neurons within the central nervous system, playing pivotal roles in reflexes and complex processing. Relay neurons, often referred to in the context of local processing within the central nervous system, also transmit signals primarily between neurons but do not directly receive signals from sensory receptors. Thus, sensory neurons are specifically designated for carrying information about sensory input to the brain and spinal cord.