Why is the pituitary gland often referred to as the "master gland"?

The pituitary gland is referred to as the "master gland" because it plays a crucial role in regulating vital bodily functions and controlling the activity of other endocrine glands. Located at the base of the brain, the pituitary gland releases hormones that influence various physiological processes, including growth, metabolism, and reproductive functions. By secreting hormones like thyroid-stimulating hormone (TSH), adrenocorticotropic hormone (ACTH), and luteinizing hormone (LH), it effectively directs the activity of other glands such as the thyroid gland and adrenal glands, showcasing its pivotal role in the endocrine system.

While the pituitary gland does produce a significant number of hormones, the distinction of being the "master gland" is more closely tied to its regulatory function rather than the quantity of hormones produced. It does not specifically regulate body temperature, which is managed by different mechanisms in the body, nor is its primary function limited to controlling growth hormones alone. Hence, the answer highlights the comprehensive regulatory impact of the pituitary gland on the endocrine system and overall bodily functions.